词法类别用于将单词分组。分组可以非常宽泛，例如动词；也可以非常具体，例如带有阴性后缀的代词。这些类别用于转移规则的模式匹配系统。
上图是不定名词词法类别的一个示例。句点表示新标签的开始位置。星号是通配符指示符，意味着该位置可以填入任何内容。位于项目末尾的星号匹配一个或多个最终标签。例如，如果我有词法单元 book1.1 n f sg，它可以被包含 n.f.sg 的标签元素精确匹配。更一般地，我们可以用包含 n.f.* 的标签元素来匹配 book。这将指代所有具有语法类别 n，后跟标签 f，再后跟其他任何内容的单词，即阴性名词。上述类别定义了所有不定名词的集合——即具有语法类别 n 或 n-irreg，后跟 ind，并且其后可选地跟随其他内容的单词。请注意，n.ind 和 n.ind.* 都是必需的，因为 n.ind.* 要求 ind 之后必须有一些词缀，因此无法匹配像 car1.1 n ind 这样没有额外后缀的不定名词。
您可以使用词元（lemma）元素来识别特定的词义。下图展示了如何定义类别 dem_this 为一个具有语法类别 dem 且词元为 this1.1（在 FLEx 中：主词 this1，词义 1）的单词。当您想要匹配包含单词 ‘this’ 的短语时，这可能很有用。
Lexical categories are used to group words together. The grouping can be very broad such as verbs or very specific such as pronouns with feminine suffixes. The categories are used in the pattern matching system of transfer rules.
The above image is an example of a lexical category for indefinite nominals. The period indicates where a new tag begins. The asterisk is a wildcard indicator. It means that anything can fill that position. An asterisk at the end of the item matches one or more final tags. For example, if I have the lexical unit book1.1 n f sg, it could be precisely matched by a tags element containing n.f.sg. More generally we could match book with the tags element containing n.f.*. This would refer to all words that have the grammatical category n followed by the tag f followed by anything else, i.e. feminine nouns. The category above defines the set of all indefinite nouns — words that have the grammatical category n or n-irreg followed by ind and optionally something else afterward. Note that n.ind and n.ind.* are both necessary because n.ind.* would require some affix after ind and not match an indefinite noun like car1.1 n ind that has no additional suffixes.
You can use the lemma element to identify a specific word-sense. The image below shows how the category dem_this can be defined as a word that has a grammatical category of dem and lemma this1.1 (in FLEx: headword this1 , sense 1). This might be useful when you want to match phrases containing the word ‘this’.
机器翻译自 English
