嗨 Kevin，很高兴听到你正在制作研经本圣经。关于这两个列表的版权信息问题，对于 Strongs 来说很简单，但对于 BibleWorks 或其衍生作品（名为“The Works”，由此帖子中提到的某人创建，并已包含在 PTXprint 的选项列表中）来说则更为复杂。
ChatGPT 的深度研究调查了以下内容的版权状态和使用权利：
从公共领域列表下载并用于生成新交叉引用的 Strong’s 数字。
来自已停止服务的 BibleWorks 软件包的交叉引用，包括是否适用任何版权或是否可以安全使用。
Strong’s 词典（1890年）及衍生交叉引用： Strong’s 详尽词典早已进入公共领域。事实上，Logos 的文档明确指出“Strong’s 属于公共领域，使用无需许可”。根据美国法律，纯粹的事实和简单数据汇编不受版权保护。完全基于 Strong’s 编号（本身是公共领域数据）生成的经文交叉引用列表本质上是一个事实索引。正如最高法院在 Feist 案中所述，“任何人都不能对事实或思想申请版权”，且事实的明显排列（如按字母顺序排列的列表）缺乏受保护所需的创造性。结论： Strong’s 数字以及你从中生成的任何交叉引用列表均不受版权保护。你可以自由出版它们，无需许可或版权声明。（出于学术礼貌，你可以注明“基于 Strong’s 词典（公共领域）”，但在法律上并非强制要求。）
BibleWorks（“The Works”）交叉引用列表： BibleWorks 是由 BibleWorks, LLC（所有者 Michael Bushell）创建的专有软件，直到 2018 年停止服务。其内置的交叉引用汇编（通常称为 “The Works”）是由该公司员工创建的。我们未找到该数据的开放许可证或公共领域声明。事实上，Paratext 文档显示某人“经许可”改编了 BibleWorks 主列表——这意味着 BibleWorks 拥有独家权利。由于 BibleWorks LLC 拥有该内容且未将其发布，它仍处于版权保护之下。软件的停止服务不会使版权失效。除非有明确的相反声明，否则你必须假设 BibleWorks 交叉引用列表受 BibleWorks（或其作者）的版权保护。
所有权和版权： 该交叉引用列表由 BibleWorks 员工编写，归 BibleWorks, LLC 所有。一个论坛帖子指出，该列表仅在“经许可”的情况下使用，确认它不是免费内容。BibleWorks 于 2018 年关闭，但没有迹象表明数据已进入公共领域。
许可证和署名： 未发布 BibleWorks 列表的许可证。因此，未经权利人许可，你不能自由重用。至少，如果你必须引用它，请提供署名行（例如“交叉引自 BibleWorks 综合列表”），但请注意，仅署名不能替代许可。（如果出版商看到这一点，他们通常会要求获得许可证或使用替代来源。）
建议： 你可以自由使用基于 Strong’s 的交叉引用，没有限制，也不需要版权声明。对于源自 BibleWorks 的列表，请谨慎行事：除非你获得许可，否则假设它受版权保护。理想情况下，用公共领域的等效物替换它。例如，《圣经知识宝库》（TSK，1879年）是一部经典的公共领域交叉引用著作，现代项目（如 OpenBible.info）使用公共领域交叉引用（特别是 TSK）作为其数据。如果你确实包含 BibleWorks 材料，请明确引用其来源，并尽可能注明所有者（“BibleWorks, LLC”或类似名称），但最安全的法律途径是获得权利或使用替代的公共领域来源。
摘要： Strong’s 词典以及你从其公共领域数据生成的任何交叉引用均不受版权保护。相比之下，BibleWorks 交叉引用列表是专有的。它很可能仍受 BibleWorks LLC（Michael Bushell）的版权保护，因此你不应该将其视为免费内容。基于 Strong’s 的数据不需要特殊的版权声明，但使用源自 BibleWorks 的列表至少应注明出处，理想情况下应与原始权利人进行确认。
来源： 权威声明和指南（Logos 内容许可、Sword Project、Feist v. Rural 判决）确认 Strong’s 词典属于公共领域。用户贡献的文档和论坛帖子（PTXprint、Paratext）表明 BibleWorks 的“The Works”列表是专有的，仅在许可下使用。（另请参阅 OpenBible 和 TSK 文档，了解公共领域交叉引用数据的示例。）
Hi Kevin, great to hear that you're creating a study Bible. The question of copyright information for these two lists is simple for Strongs, and more nuanced for BibleWorks, or its derivative called "The Works" which was created by someone mentioned in this post and has been included in PTXprint's list of options.
ChatGPT's Deep Research looked into the copyright status and usage rights for:
Strong’s numbers that were downloaded from a public domain list and used to generate new cross-references.
The cross-references from the discontinued BibleWorks software package, including whether any copyright applies or if they are safe to use.
Strong’s Concordance (1890) and Derived Cross-References: Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance is long in the public domain. In fact, Logos’ documentation explicitly states “Strong’s is public domain and no permission is needed to use it”. Under U.S. law, bare facts and simple data compilations are not protected by copyright. A list of verse cross-references generated purely from Strong’s numbering (itself public-domain data) is essentially a factual index. As the Supreme Court noted in Feist, “no one may copyright facts or ideas” and obvious arrangements of facts (like alphabetizing listings) lack the creativity needed for protection. Conclusion: Strong’s numbers and any cross-reference lists you generate from them are not copyrighted. You may freely publish them without needing permission or a copyright notice. (For academic courtesy you could note “based on Strong’s Concordance (public domain)”, but legally it’s not required.)
Public domain status: Strong’s Concordance (1890) is in the public domain. The numbering scheme and word-index data are facts.
Cross-references from Strong’s data: A mechanistic cross-reference list drawn from Strong’s data is likewise uncopyrightable fact‐based material. It can be reused freely, and no new copyright attaches.
BibleWorks (“The Works”) Cross-Reference List: BibleWorks was proprietary software created by BibleWorks, LLC (owner Michael Bushell) until its 2018 shutdown. Its built-in cross-reference compilation (often called “The Works”) was created by that company’s staff. We found no open license or public-domain notice for this data. In fact, Paratext documentation shows someone adapted the BibleWorks master list “with permission” – implying BibleWorks held exclusive rights. Since BibleWorks LLC owns that content and has not released it, it remains under copyright. Discontinuation of the software does not void copyright. Without an explicit statement to the contrary, you must assume the BibleWorks cross-reference list is copyrighted by BibleWorks (or its authors).
Ownership and copyright: The cross-reference list was authored by BibleWorks staff and owned by BibleWorks, LLC. A forum post notes the list was used only “with permission” from BibleWorks, confirming it was not free content. BibleWorks closed in 2018, but there’s no indication the data became public domain.
License and attribution: No license for the BibleWorks list is published. Thus, you cannot freely reuse it without permission from the rights holder. At minimum, if you must quote it, provide a credit line (e.g. “Cross-references from BibleWorks’ consolidated list”), but note that credit alone doesn’t substitute for permission. (If a publisher sees this, they would typically require a license or use of an alternative source.)
Recommendations: You may freely use the Strong’s-based cross-references without restriction or the need for a copyright notice. For the BibleWorks-derived list, exercise caution: unless you obtain permission, assume it’s copyrighted. Ideally replace it with a public-domain equivalent. For example, the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (TSK, 1879) is a classic cross-reference work in the public domain, and modern projects (e.g. OpenBible.info) use PD cross-references (notably TSK) as their data. If you do include BibleWorks material, clearly cite it as such and, if possible, credit the owner (“BibleWorks, LLC” or similar), though the safest legal route is to obtain rights or use an alternative PD source.
Summary: Strong’s Concordance and any cross-references you generate from its public-domain data carry no copyright. By contrast, the BibleWorks cross-reference list was proprietary. It likely remains copyrighted by BibleWorks LLC (Michael Bushell), so you should not treat it as free content. No special copyright notice is needed for the Strong’s-based data, but any use of the BibleWorks-derived list should at least attribute the source and ideally be cleared with the original rights holders.
Sources: Authoritative statements and guides (Logos content permissions, Sword Project, Feist v. Rural decision) confirm Strong’s Concordance is PD. User-contributed documentation and forum posts (PTXprint, Paratext) indicate the BibleWorks “The Works” list was proprietary and used only by permission. (See also OpenBible and TSK documentation for examples of PD cross-reference data.)
机器翻译自 English
